Converters & Calculators

Use the below converter to convert mils to: mm, Oz, um, inch.

Type a value in a field to convert:

mm:

mil:

Type a value in a field to convert:

mil:

Oz:

Type a value in a field to convert:

um:

mil:

Type a value in a field to convert:

inch:

mil:

Use below to calculate any control impedance conductor (if you don't see it just refresh the page):

PCB Impedance Calculator

Use below calculator to calculate trace width , and via diameter according to requested current:

This Javascript web calculator calculates the resistance, voltage drop, and power loss of printed circuit board vias.

Inputs:

Finished Hole Dia
Plating Thickness
Via Length

Optional Inputs:

Applied CurrentAmps
Plating ResistivityOhm-cm

Electrical Results:

ResistanceOhms
Voltage DropVolts
Power LossWatts
Estimated AmpacityAmps

Thermal Results:

Thermal ResistanceDeg. C/Watt

Notes:
Resistance = Resistivity*Length/Area
Area = pi*(Inner_dia + Plating_thk)*Plating_thk
Resistivity = 1.9E-6 Ohm-cm (plated copper)
(plated copper is much more resistive than pure copper)
Copper Thermal_Resistivity = 0.249 cm-K/W (at 300K)
Est_Ampacity [Amps] = k*(Temp_Rise [deg C])^b*(Area [mils^2])^c
For IPC-2221 external layers: k = 0.048, b = 0.44, c = 0.725

Disclaimer:
These calculations are believed to be correct, but not guaranteed. Use at your own risk!

This Javascript web calculator calculates the trace width for printed circuit boards based on a curve fit to IPC-2221 (formerly IPC-D-275).

Inputs:

CurrentAmps
Thickness

Optional Inputs:

Temperature RiseDeg
Ambient TemperatureDeg
Trace Length

Results for Internal Layers:

Required Trace Width
ResistanceOhms
Voltage DropVolts
Power LossWatts

Results for External Layers in Air:

Required Trace Width
ResistanceOhms
Voltage DropVolts
Power LossWatts

Notes:

The trace width is calculated as follows:

First, the Area is calculated:

Area[mils^2] = (Current[Amps]/(k*(Temp_Rise[deg. C])^b))^(1/c)

Then, the Width is calculated:

Width[mils] = Area[mils^2]/(Thickness[oz]*1.378[mils/oz])

For IPC-2221 internal layers: k = 0.024, b = 0.44, c = 0.725

For IPC-2221 external layers: k = 0.048, b = 0.44, c = 0.725

where k, b, and c are constants resulting from curve fitting to the IPC-2221 curves

For geometry diagrams, click on the pictures below.

pcb-trace-geometry-2.png     pcb-trace-geometry-1.png

Disclaimer:
These calculations are believed to be correct, but not guaranteed. Use at your own risk!